李雅筑

一、調查視障者的住宅環境現況發現，視障者在社區環境所感受到的困擾程度大於在居家住宅中。以細項目來看，在社區環境中，對於不固定的障礙物、地面常有高低落差等深感困擾；而在居家住宅中，則是對於家電過於複雜或危險、門扇開闔不固定、傢俱與物品擺設雜亂等項目最感困擾。
二、視障者普遍認為全方位設計原則概念重要，甚至是非常重要的，其中尤其重視「容許錯誤原則」、「簡易及直覺使用原則」、「可長久使用具經濟性原則、品質優良且美觀原則、對人體及環境無害原則」。
三、視障者認為全方位設計應用在住宅環境的可行性高。合適的空間大小、動線及擁有安全防錯功能的家電設備，皆有助於居家安全的提升；而操作簡便或具多感官提示的設備則可提升生活便利性。此外，視障者認為在社區環境中，地面沒有高低差或不固定障礙物對安全性較有幫助；同時強調社區中購買生活用品及食材的便利性是很重要的。
四、不同「年齡」及「視覺退化年齡」之視障者對全方位住宅設計概念及其可行性之意見上有顯著差異，其次為「同住者的有無」及不同「住宅型態」的視障者。

　　現行的住宅環境對視障者在安全性及便利性上仍有一定的困難及限制，因此本研究依據上述研究發現予以討論，並提出具體建議與未來研究相關建議，盼透過法規制度、產學合作、政府鼓勵方案、考量視障者之特異性等措施支持，使全方位設計融入住宅生活，更貼近視障者的住宅需求。

1. Participants showed more distress in community than at home. In community, participants were troubled in unexpected obstacles and floor gaps, and were confused with complicated electrical devices, door open or not, and jumble furniture or goods at home.
2. Participants generally put emphasis on universal design principles, especially on the principles of “tolerance for error”, “simple and intuitive use”, and “durable, good value, good quality, aesthetic, and harmlessly for human body and the environment”.
3. Participants agreed universal design of living spaces were feasible and accessible; to enhance safety at home, appropriate living space, flowing routes, danger prevention, user-friendly and multi-sensory functions on electronic devices were urgent demand. In the same manner, avoiding unexpected obstacles and floor gaps in community was beneficial to their safety. Moreover, convenient access to shopping in community was also important.
4. In addition, opinions showed significant differences between ages, visual deterioration ages, lives with family members, and housing type.

So far, the current living space design often brings multiple challenges and limitations to people with visual impairment. Government regulation and rewards programs, industry and academic cooperation might encourage and up-grade universal design at living spaces.